Product invention is a key driver of prosperity for any organization. It involves the implementation of unique products, processes, or services that fulfill customer requirements in a {moreefficient way. Robust product innovation often necessitates a culture of inventiveness and a commitment to evol

Nanoparticles have emerged as promising materials in various fields, including biomedical applications. Conversely, the potential toxicity of these nanoparticles remains a significant concern. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), a unique type of nanoparticle capable of converting near-infrared light